Diversity and Change in the Commercial Use of Genetic Resources: Implications for Access and Benefit Sharing Policy
Abstract
This paper results from a study undertaken to fill gaps in current understanding of ABS partnerships, collaborations and contractual agreements in the range of sectors using genetic resources. Through multiple stakeholder interviews, detailed case study analyses, and review of contracts and agreements, the study examined the nature of these relationships, and whether and how they achieve the objectives of sustainable use and equitable benefit sharing. A central finding, discussed in this paper, is that the activities that fall under ‘bioprospecting’ and ‘ABS’ are extremely diverse; there are large differences both within and across sectors in the ways genetic resources are used and benefits are shared. At the same time, the constant and rapid pace of scientific and technological advances, and less dramatic but still significant market and legal changes, mean that any ABS policy framework must be carefully developed to reflect and adapt to changing realities. Sustainable use, conservation and equity are complex goals in any scenario, but in the ABS policy
arena achieving these goals is far more challenging given the diverse and changing nature of the activities to be regulated.
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